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The Plutonium Autopsy Project PDF Print E-mail
Written by Rita Fellers   
Wednesday, 26 January 2005
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The Plutonium Autopsy Project
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Click to Zoom. Source: US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Cancer Institute. A Feasibility Study of the Health Consequences to the American Population from Nuclear Weapons Tests Conducted by the United States and Other Nations.
Predecisional Draft. Vol. 1. Technical Report. 2001. URL: www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/fallout/default.htm

The Plutonium Autopsy Project

Carolina Peace Resource Center's membership is striking out in a new and powerful direction by participating in scientific projects that examine the impact of nuclear weapons production on the public health, environment and economy of South Carolina.


Testing Remains of 901 Civilians for Plutonium.

Our first project, The Plutonium Autopsy Project, is funded with a grant from the Citizens Monitoring and Technical Assessment Fund, which is administered by the Resolve Foundation of Washington, D.C. This Project re-evaluates an intriguing dataset describing radioassays of plutonium conducted on organ remains of 901 American civilians who died in the 1960's and 1970's. These radioassays revealed the extent to which atmospheric nuclear weaponstesting during the Cold War had succeeded in contaminating Americans' internal organs with plutonium. In effect, we were preparing for a nuclear war that never came by wrapping our own citizens in a continent-wide radioactive cloud of varying densities.

The findings of the original Autopsy Project were published in the in the journal Health Physics, in the article by McInroy et al.(1979), described below. The plutonium fallout distribution map from Centers for Disease Control and the National Cancer Institute, reproduced above, depicts the best reconstruction of plutonium dose resulting from weapons testing at the principal US bombing grounds, the Nevada Test Site. The atmospheric weapons test dose reconstruction studies were coordinated from the Radiation Studies Branch of the National Center for Environmental Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's headquarters research center in Atlanta, Georgia. See the URL in the map's footnote for the entire report, as well as additional information on dose reconstruction at most of the nation's nuclear weapons laboratories and production factories.


The Next Generation of Nuclear Weapons - Bush's Nuclear Posture Review and Advanced Concepts Initiatives

These data reveal how fallout can impact human health should the Savannah River Site resume production of nuclear weapons. The Bush Administration has been planning the next generation of nuclear weapons, which it calls the Advanced Concepts Initiatives.

See also the Bush Administration's Nuclear Posture Review Report at:
www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/policy/dod/npr.htm.

SRS is one of five weapons factories on the list for locating new production facilities for nuclear weapons:


www.ananuclear.org/MPF%20DC%20Days%2004c.pdf.

SRS' Massive Restructuring: the Facilities and Infrastructure Recapitalization Program (FIRP)

SRS is already undergoing massive restructuring to ready itself for possible changes in mission. $316.2 million of the $24.3 billion in FY 2005 funding for DOE is earmarked for the overhaul called the Facilities and Infrastructure Recapitalization Program (FIRP). For more details, see Energy Secretary SpencerAbraham's address to the Senate Armed Services Committee on March 23, 2004, in which he made the largest budget request for DOE in its history:

Spencer Abraham's address to Senate Armed Services Committee

The Trigger That Keeps On Killing.The tiniest plutonium particles can be unimaginably destructive when people inhale them because these bombs are being tested or produced, which activities emit "hot"particles from factory smokestacks. Properly placed, each particle can be a death sentence, not only to "enemy combatants", but also to downwinder civilians, to neutral parties in neighboring countries, and to future generations for thousands of years. Used to set off the fission reaction in nuclear bombs, it is truly "the trigger that keeps on killing."

Introducing the Autopsy Plutonium Database

This is the first version of the Autopsy Plutonium analysis database, transcribed from the journal article "Plutonium in Autopsy Tissue" by J. F. McInroy, et al., Health Physics (vol. 37, July 1979). The database is located on our website, at the links at the bottom of this page. This important article contains plutonium-239 assays of numerous radiosensitive organs given in 901 autopsies of American civilians, ages 4 to 98.

From 1959 to 1976, the Atomic Energy Commission collected cadavers from Dallas to Chicago, Los Angeles to Nova Scotia to discover the extent to which atmospheric nuclear weapons testing had broadcast plutonium fallout across the continent. Overall, from testing grounds at Los Alamos and the Nevada Test Site, the AEC chose to represent 19 widely-ranged US states and one Canadian province in the database. Grouped approximately regionally, they are:
Some Deaths Likely Directly Caused By Plutonium


Many subjects files include their cause of death, and some causes are quite likely to have been directly related to their plutonium exposure -- such as the eight-year-old Los Alamos boy (case number 1-088) who died in 1960 of a brain tumor (the brain readily takes up plutonium, mistaking it for iron, which it uses to conduct electricity during mental processing), and whose lung sample was giving off 7.65 disintegrations per minute of 239Pu.
Or the Denver pipefitter (case number 8-012) who died of a tumor on his heart, a rare disorder. After his pipefitter occupational description are the initials "R.F." in parentheses. This database claims to contain only persons known to have no occupational exposure to plutonium, but he lived in Denver, worked as a pipefitter and had high doses of 239Pu in some of his tissue samples, including a bone count of
166.67 disintegrations per minute. A former Rocky Flats worker? Or a downwind neighbor?

Project Plan
We will be analyzing these important data and graphing and mapping the results. The original analysis grouped the subjects into very large groups, combining men and women, communities both near weapons factories and testing grounds, and far away, people within the regions denoted by their "Table" designation and many states away.
If the old factories and labs at SRS, Idaho National Engineering & Environmental Lab, Lawrence Livermore, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the rest become cogs in the machine holding Bush's Nuclear Posture erect, the Department of Energy will be laying down new contamination over old — staining the next set of maps deeper shades of orange and red.
We are interested in seeing how subgroups, such as men alone and young people alone; and "near" communities separated from "far" ones; fared in some sensitive organ categories. It will also be interesting to see if higher-impact areas are roughly congruent with those identified in the CDC/NCI map given at the top of this web page.
Most of all, these data revealed clues about contamination from weapons factories as well as from testing sites. This was an unexpected bonus for concerned DOE factory downwinder communities.
Citizens must pay attention to the patterns around existing and formerly active nuclear weapons plants, because these could predict the future for them.

Meanwhile, we will be submitting papers for publication in peer-reviewed journals and doing presentations for the CPRC membership and the public, as well as for scientific groups, and talk about the carcinogens still broadcast across the landscape from the last cold war. Check back to this website for future developments in the Plutonium Autopsy Project.


How to Use These Data

 

Below are the links to the Autopsy Plutonium database. It is offered in four computer formats: MS Excel, SAS Systems 7 & 8 (.sas7bdat), SAS Transport (SAS .xpt), and SPSS (.sav). If you use the data, be sure to download and use the Data Codebook. It has important information you will need to prevent you from obtaining misleading results. Note: you must have the host software (MS Excel, SAS, or SPSS) on your computer to open the linked datasets).

 

/http://www.carolinapeace.org/uploads/99/Autopsy_Pu.xls MS Excel

/http://www.carolinapeace.org/uploads/99/autopsy_pu.sav SPSS

http://www.carolinapeace.org/uploads/99/autopsy_pu.sas7bdat SAS v. 7, 8

http://www.carolinapeace.org/uploads/99/Autopsy_Pu.xpt SAS Transport


For more information about the Plutonium Autopsy Project and the database, contact Rita Fellers at This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it

1. McInroy, JF, EE Campbell, WD Moss, GL Tietjen, BC Eutsler and HA Boyd. Plutonium in Autopsy Tissue: A Revision and Updating of Data Reported in LA-4875. Health Physics (vol. 37, July 1979).



 
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